Thousands of people have taken to the streets in cities like Barcelona, Valencia, and Málaga to protest against what they describe as the "genocide" of the Palestinian people and the sale of arms to Israel.
The protests coincide with the annual conference of the Palestinian movement Basar Badil in Madrid, which has drawn criticism from the Israeli Embassy in Spain.
The embassy expressed outrage over the event, accusing it of promoting hatred and terrorism.
The conference, attended by groups linked to Hamas, has sparked diplomatic tensions, with Israel recalling its ambassador from Spain.
The protests have also raised questions about freedom of expression, as they include celebrations of past attacks on Israel, further complicating the already tense situation in the Middle East.