Spain is on the brink of a record year for irregular migration, with over 62,000 arrivals reported by December 26, nearing the 2018 peak of 64,298. The Canary Islands remain a focal point, receiving over 45,000 migrants, though arrivals have slowed due to improved border controls and adverse weather.

Mauritania has become a key transit hub, with many migrants, particularly from Mali, risking dangerous sea routes.

Alarmingly, nearly 1,400 people have died or disappeared attempting to reach Spain this year.

Meanwhile, the Algerian route to the Balearic Islands has seen a resurgence, with arrivals up 216%.

Experts warn that shifting migration patterns and organized trafficking networks pose ongoing challenges for Spain and Europe.